EEOC Enforcement Guidance On Reasonable Accommodation
and Undue Hardship Under the Americans with Disabilities Act

INTRODUCTION This Enforcement Guidance clarifies the rights and responsibilities of employers and individuals with disabilities regarding reasonable accommodation and undue hardship. Title I of the ADA requires an employer to provide reasonable accommodation to qualified individuals with disabilities who are employees or applicants for employment, except when such accommodation would cause an undue hardship. This Guidance sets forth an employer's legal obligations regarding reasonable accommodation; however, employers may provide more than the law requires. This Guidance examines what ''reasonable accommodation'' means and who is entitled to receive it. The Guidance addresses what constitutes a request for reasonable accommodation, the form and substance of the request, and an employer's ability to ask questions and seek documentation after a request has been made. The Guidance discusses reasonable accommodations applicable to the hiring process and to the benefits and privileges of employment. The Guidance also covers different types of reasonable accommodations related to job performance, including job restructuring, leave, modified or part-time schedules, modified workplace policies, and reassignment. Questions concerning the relationship between the ADA and the Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) are examined as they affect leave and modified schedules. Reassignment issues addressed include who is entitled to reassignment and the extent to which an employer must search for a vacant position. The Guidance also examines issues concerning the interplay between reasonable accommodations and conduct rules. The final section of this Guidance discusses undue hardship, including when requests for schedule modifications and leave may be denied.

 General Principles

 Requesting Reasonable Accommodation

 Reasonable Accommodation And Job Applicants

 Reasonable Accommodation Related To The Benefits And Privileges Of Employment

 Types Of Reasonable Accommodations Related To Job Performance

 Other Reasonable Accommodation Issues

 Undue Hardship Issues

 Instructions For Investigators

14. Does an employer have to provide reasonable accommodation to enable an employee with a disability to have equal access to information communicated in the workplace to non-disabled employees?
14. Does an employer have to provide reasonable accommodation to enable an employee with a disability to have equal access to information communicated in the workplace to non-disabled employees? ...

Acceptable Inquiry After An Offer Of Employment Is Made
Acceptable Inquiry After An Offer Of Employment Is Made After a conditional offer of employment is extended, an employer may inquire whether applicants will need reasonable...

Accommodation When More Than One Option Is Available
Accommodation When More Than One Option Is Available If there are two possible reasonable accommodations, and one costs more or is more burdensome than the other, the employer may choose the...

An employee with a disability may need leave for a number of reasons related to the disability, including, but not limited to:
An employee with a disability may need leave for a number of reasons related to the disability, including, but not limited to: - obtaining medical treatment (e.g., surgery,...

Are there situations in which an employer cannot ask for documentation in response to a request for reasonable accommodation?
Are there situations in which an employer cannot ask for documentation in response to a request for reasonable accommodation? Yes. An employer cannot ask for documentation when: (1) both...

Available Accommodations
Available Accommodations There are a number of possible reasonable accommodations that an employer may have to provide in connection with modifications to the work environment or adjustments...

Can an employer claim that a reasonable accommodation imposes an undue hardship simply because it violates a collective bargaining agreement (CBA)?
Can an employer claim that a reasonable accommodation imposes an undue hardship simply because it violates a collective bargaining agreement (CBA)? No. First, an employer should determine if...

Can an employer claim undue hardship solely because a reasonable accommodation would require it to make changes to property owned by someone else?
Can an employer claim undue hardship solely because a reasonable accommodation would require it to make changes to property owned by someone else? No, an employer cannot claim undue...

Can an employer deny a request for leave when an employee cannot provide a fixed date of return?
Can an employer deny a request for leave when an employee cannot provide a fixed date of return? Providing leave to an employee who is unable to provide a fixed date of return is a form...

Can an employer penalize an employee for work missed during leave taken as a reasonable accommodation?
Can an employer penalize an employee for work missed during leave taken as a reasonable accommodation? No. To do so would be retaliation for the employee's use of a reasonable accommodation...

Considerations Before Reassignment
Considerations Before Reassignment Before considering reassignment as a reasonable accommodation, employers should first consider those accommodations that would enable an employee to remain...

Definition Of Vacancy For Reassignment Under ADA
Definition Of Vacancy For Reassignment Under ADA ''Vacant'' means that the position is available when the employee asks for reasonable accommodation, or that the employer knows that it will...

Do requests for reasonable accommodation need to be in writing?
Do requests for reasonable accommodation need to be in writing? No. Requests for reasonable accommodation do not need to be in writing. Individuals may request accommodations in conversation...

Does a cost-benefit analysis determine whether a reasonable accommodation will cause undue hardship?
Does a cost-benefit analysis determine whether a reasonable accommodation will cause undue hardship? No. A cost-benefit analysis assesses the cost of a reasonable accommodation in relation...

Does an employer have to allow an employee with a disability to work at home as a reasonable accommodation?
Does an employer have to allow an employee with a disability to work at home as a reasonable accommodation? An employer must modify its policy concerning where work is performed if such...

Does an employer have to change a person's supervisor as a form of reasonable accommodation?
Does an employer have to change a person's supervisor as a form of reasonable accommodation? No. An employer does not have to provide an employee with a new supervisor as a...

Does an employer have to hold open an employee's job as a reasonable accommodation?
Does an employer have to hold open an employee's job as a reasonable accommodation? Yes. An employee with a disability who is granted leave as a reasonable accommodation is entitled to return...

Does an employer have to notify an employee with a disability about vacant positions, or is it the employee's responsibility to learn what jobs are vacant?
Does an employer have to notify an employee with a disability about vacant positions, or is it the employee's responsibility to learn what jobs are vacant? The employer is in the best position...

Does an employer have to provide a reasonable accommodation to an applicant with a disability even if it believes that it will be unable to provide this individual with a reasonable accommodation on the job?
Does an employer have to provide a reasonable accommodation to an applicant with a disability even if it believes that it will be unable to provide this individual with a reasonable accommodation...

Does reassignment mean that the employee is permitted to compete for a vacant position?
Does reassignment mean that the employee is permitted to compete for a vacant position? No. Reassignment means that the employee gets the vacant position if s/he is qualified for it....

EEOC Enforcement Guidance: Reasonable Accommodation and Undue Hardship Under the Americans with Disabilities Act
This Enforcement Guidance clarifies the rights and responsibilities of employers and individuals with disabilities regarding reasonable accommodation and undue hardship. Title I of the ADA...

Effectiveness Of Reasonable Accommodation
Effectiveness Of Reasonable Accommodation A modification or adjustment satisfies the reasonable accommodation obligation if it is ''effective.'' In the context of job performance, this means...

Example 1 Of A Third Party Requesting Accommodation For An Individual
Example 1 Of A Third Party Requesting Accommodation For An Individual: An employee's spouse phones the employee's supervisor on Monday morning to inform her that the employee had a medical...

Example 1 of Accommodating Probationary Employee
Example 1 of Accommodating Probationary Employee: An employer designates all new employees as ''probationary'' for one year. An employee has been working successfully for nine months when she...

Example 1 Of Accommodation
Example 1 Of Accommodation: An employer is impressed with an applicant's resume and contacts the individual to come in for an interview. The applicant, who is deaf, requests a sign...

Example 1 Of Accommodation
Example 1 Of Accommodation: An employee who is blind has adaptive equipment for his computer that integrates him into the network with other employees, thus allowing communication via electronic...

Example 1 Of Accommodation As An Alternative To Leave
Example 1 Of Accommodation As An Alternative To Leave: An employee with emphysema requests ten weeks of leave for surgery and recuperation related to his disability. In discussing this request...

Example 1 Of Accommodation For Training
Example 1 Of Accommodation For Training: XYZ Corp. has signed a contract with Super Trainers, Inc., to provide mediation training at its facility to all of XYZ's Human Resources staff. One...

Example 1 Of Compliance With Laws To Accommodate Leave
Example 1 Of Compliance With Laws To Accommodate Leave: An employee with an ADA disability needs 13 weeks of leave for treatment related to the disability. The employee is eligible under the FMLA...

Example 1 Of How an Individual May Request a Reasonable Accommodation
Example 1 Of How an Individual May Request a Reasonable Accommodation: An employee tells her supervisor, ''I'm having trouble getting to work at my scheduled starting time because of...

Example 1 Of Modified or Part-Time Schedule As Reasonable Accommodation
Example 1 Of Modified or Part-Time Schedule As Reasonable Accommodation: An employee with HIV infection must take medication on a strict schedule. The medication causes extreme nausea about one...

Example 1 Of Offering Alternate Accommodation
Example 1 Of Offering Alternate Accommodation: An employee with a severe learning disability has great difficulty reading. His supervisor sends him many detailed memoranda which he often has...

Example 1 Of Other Reasonable Accommodations
Example 1 Of Other Reasonable Accommodations: An employee with cancer undergoes chemotherapy twice a week, which causes her to be quite ill afterwards. The employee requests a modified schedule...

Example 1 of penalizing an employee for work missed during leave
Example 1 of penalizing an employee for work missed during leave : A salesperson took five months of leave as a reasonable accommodation. The company compares the sales records of all...

Example 1 Of Reasonable Accommodation
Example 1 Of Reasonable Accommodation: An employee with a hearing disability must be able to contact the public by telephone. The employee proposes that he use a TTY to call a relay service...

Example 1 Of Reasonable Documentation
Example 1 Of Reasonable Documentation: An employee says to an employer, ''I'm having trouble reaching tools because of my shoulder injury.'' The employer may ask the employee for...

Example 1 Of Reassignment
Example 1 Of Reassignment: An employer is considering reassigning an employee with a disability to a position which requires the ability to speak Spanish in order to perform an essential...

Example 1 of sufficient Documentation
Example 1 of sufficient Documentation: An employee brings a note from her treating physician explaining that she has diabetes and that, as a result, she must test her blood sugar several times a...

Example 1 Of Timely Responding To Requests
Example 1 Of Timely Responding To Requests: An employer provides parking for all employees. An employee who uses a wheelchair requests from his supervisor an accessible parking space, explaining...

Example 1 Of Undue Hardship
Example 1 Of Undue Hardship: An employee with breast cancer is undergoing chemotherapy. As a consequence of the treatment, the employee is subject to fatigue and finds it difficult to keep up...

Example 1 Of Undue Hardship
Example 1 Of Undue Hardship: A crane operator, due to his disability, requests an adjustment in his work schedule so that he starts work at 8:00 a.m. rather than 7:00 a.m., and finishes one...

Example 2 Of A Third Party Requesting Accommodation For An Individual
Example 2 Of A Third Party Requesting Accommodation For An Individual: An employee has been out of work for six months with a workers' compensation injury. The employee's doctor sends the employer...

Example 2 of Accommodating Probationary Employee
Example 2 of Accommodating Probationary Employee: A probationary employee has been working two weeks, but has been unable to perform the essential functions of the job because of his...

Example 2 Of Accommodation
Example 2 Of Accommodation: An individual who has paraplegia applies for a secretarial position. Because the office has two steps at the entrance, the employer arranges for the applicant to take...

Example 2 Of Accommodation
Example 2 Of Accommodation: An employer authorizes the Human Resources Director to use a public address system to remind employees about special meetings and to make certain announcements. In...

Example 2 Of Accommodation For Training
Example 2 Of Accommodation For Training: XYZ Corp. arranges for one of its employees to provide CPR training. This three-hour program is optional. A deaf employee wishes to take the training...

Example 2 Of Compliance With Laws To Accommodate Leave
Example 2 Of Compliance With Laws To Accommodate Leave: An employee with an ADA disability has taken 10 weeks of FMLA leave and is preparing to return to work. The employer wants to put her in...

Example 2 Of How an Individual May Request a Reasonable Accommodation
Example 2 Of How an Individual May Request a Reasonable Accommodation: An employee tells his supervisor, ''I need six weeks off to get treatment for a back problem.'' This is a request for...

Example 2 Of How an Individual May Request a Reasonable Accommodation
Example 2 Of How an Individual May Request a Reasonable Accommodation: A new employee, who uses a wheelchair, informs the employer that her wheelchair cannot fit under the desk in her office. This...

Example 2 Of Modified or Part-Time Schedule As Reasonable Accommodation
Example 2 Of Modified or Part-Time Schedule As Reasonable Accommodation: A day care worker requests that she be allowed to change her hours from 7:00 a.m. - 3:00 p.m. to 10:00 a.m. - 6:00...

Example 2 Of Modified or Part-Time Schedule As Reasonable Accommodation
Example 2 Of Modified or Part-Time Schedule As Reasonable Accommodation: An employee works for a morning newspaper, operating the printing presses which run between 10 p.m. and 3 a.m. Due to...

Example 2 Of Offering Alternate Accommodation
Example 2 Of Offering Alternate Accommodation: An attorney with a severe vision disability requests that her employer provide someone to read printed materials that she needs to review daily....

Example 2 Of Other Reasonable Accommodations
Example 2 Of Other Reasonable Accommodations: An employee, as a result of insulin-dependent diabetes, has developed background retinopathy (a vision impairment). The employee, who already...

Example 2 of penalizing an employee for work missed during leave
Example 2 of penalizing an employee for work missed during leave: Company X is having a reduction-in-force. The company decides that any employee who has missed more than four weeks in the past...

Example 2 Of Reasonable Accommodation
Example 2 Of Reasonable Accommodation: A cashier easily becomes fatigued because of lupus and, as a result, has difficulty making it through her shift. The employee requests a stool because...

Example 2 Of Reasonable Documentation
Example 2 Of Reasonable Documentation: A marketing employee has a severe learning disability. He attends numerous meetings to plan marketing strategies. In order to remember what is discussed...

Example 2 Of Reassignment
Example 2 Of Reassignment: An employer is considering reassigning an employee with a disability to a position in which she will contract for goods and services. The employee is qualified for...

Example 2 Of Sufficient Documentation
Example 2 Of Sufficient Documentation: One year ago, an employer learned that an employee had bipolar disorder after he requested a reasonable accommodation. The documentation provided at that...

Example 2 Of Timely Responding To Requests
Example 2 Of Timely Responding To Requests: An employee who is blind requests adaptive equipment for her computer as a reasonable accommodation. The employer must order this equipment and is...

Example 2 Of Undue Hardship
Example 2 Of Undue Hardship: A convenience store clerk with multiple sclerosis requests that he be allowed to go from working full-time to part-time as a reasonable accommodation because of...

Example 2 Of Undue Hardship
Example 2 Of Undue Hardship: A computer programmer works with a group of people to develop new software. There are certain tasks that the entire group must perform together, but each person also...

Example 3 Of Compliance With Laws To Accommodate Leave
Example 3 Of Compliance With Laws To Accommodate Leave: An employee with an ADA disability has taken 12 weeks of FMLA leave. He notifies his employer that he is ready to return to work, but he...

Example 3 Of How an Individual May Request a Reasonable Accommodation
Example 3 Of How an Individual May Request a Reasonable Accommodation: An employee tells his supervisor that he would like a new chair because his present one is uncomfortable. Although this is...

Example 3 Of Reasonable Documentation
Example 3 Of Reasonable Documentation: An employee's spouse phones the employee's supervisor on Monday morning to inform her that the employee had a medical emergency due to multiple...

Example 3 Of Reassignment
Example 3 Of Reassignment: An employer is seeking a reassignment for an employee with a disability. There are no vacant positions today, but the employer has just learned that another...

Example 3 of sufficient Documentation
Example 3 of sufficient Documentation: An employee gives her employer a letter from her doctor, stating that the employee has asthma and needs the employer to provide her with an air filter....

Example 4 Of Reassignment
Example 4 Of Reassignment: An employer is seeking a reassignment for an employee with a disability. There are no vacant positions today, but the employer has just learned that an employee in...

Example Of Accommodation Under ADA and FMLA
Example Of Accommodation Under ADA and FMLA: An employee with an ADA disability requests that she be excused from work one day a week for the next six months because of her disability. If...

Example Of Holding A Position Open As Accommodation
Example Of Holding A Position Open As Accommodation: An employee needs eight months of leave for treatment and recuperation related to a disability. The employer grants the request, but after...

Example Of Holding A Position Open As Accommodation
Example Of Holding A Position Open As Accommodation...

Example Of Job Restructuring As REASONABLE ACCOMMODATIONS
Example Of Job Restructuring As REASONABLE ACCOMMODATIONS RELATED TO JOB PERFORMANCE: A cleaning crew works in an office building. One member of the crew wears a prosthetic leg which enables him...

Example Of Modified Workplace Policies
Example Of Modified Workplace Policies: An employer has a policy prohibiting employees from eating or drinking at their workstations. An employee with insulin-dependent diabetes explains to...

Example Of OTHER REASONABLE ACCOMMODATIONS
Example Of OTHER REASONABLE ACCOMMODATIONS: A supervisor frequently schedules team meetings on a day's notice -- often notifying staff in the afternoon that a meeting will be held on the...

Example Of Other Reasonable Accommodations
Example Of Other Reasonable Accommodations: An employee with major depression is often late for work because of medication side-effects that make him extremely groggy in the morning. His...

Extent Of Medical Examination To Determine Disability
Extent Of Medical Examination To Determine Disability Any medical examination conducted by the employer's health professional must be job-related and consistent with business necessity....

How must an individual request a reasonable accommodation?
How must an individual request a reasonable accommodation? When an individual decides to request accommodation, the individual or his/her representative must let the employer know that s/he...

How quickly must an employer respond to a request for reasonable accommodation?
How quickly must an employer respond to a request for reasonable accommodation? An employer should respond expeditiously to a request for reasonable accommodation. If the employer and...

How should an employer handle leave for an employee covered by both the ADA and the Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA)?
How should an employer handle leave for an employee covered by both the ADA and the Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA)? An employer should determine an employee's rights under each...

How should an employer handle requests for modified or part-time schedules for an employee covered by both the ADA and the Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA)?
How should an employer handle requests for modified or part-time schedules for an employee covered by both the ADA and the Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA)? An employer should determine...

If an employee is reassigned to a lower level position, must an employer maintain his/her salary from the higher level position?
If an employee is reassigned to a lower level position, must an employer maintain his/her salary from the higher level position? No, unless the employer transfers employees without...

If an employer has provided one reasonable accommodation, does it have to provide additional reasonable accommodations requested by an individual with a disability?
If an employer has provided one reasonable accommodation, does it have to provide additional reasonable accommodations requested by an individual with a disability? The duty to provide...

If, as a reasonable accommodation, an employer restructures an employee's job to eliminate some marginal functions, may the employer require the employee to take on other marginal functions that s/he can perform?
If, as a reasonable accommodation, an employer restructures an employee's job to eliminate some marginal functions, may the employer require the employee to take on other marginal functions that...

INSTRUCTIONS FOR INVESTIGATORS
INSTRUCTIONS FOR INVESTIGATORS When assessing whether a Respondent has violated the ADA by denying a reasonable accommodation to a Charging Party, investigators should consider the...

Is a probationary employee entitled to reassignment?
Is a probationary employee entitled to reassignment? Employers cannot deny a reassignment to an employee solely because s/he is designated as ''probationary.'' An employee with a disability...

Is an employer relieved of its obligation to provide reasonable accommodation for an employee with a disability who fails to take medication, to obtain medical treatment, or to use an assistive device (such as a hearing aid)?
Is an employer relieved of its obligation to provide reasonable accommodation for an employee with a disability who fails to take medication, to obtain medical treatment, or to use an...

Is an employer required to provide the reasonable accommodation that the individual wants?
Is an employer required to provide the reasonable accommodation that the individual wants? The employer may choose among reasonable accommodations as long as the chosen accommodation...

Is an employer's obligation to offer reassignment to a vacant position limited to those vacancies within an employee's office, branch, agency, department, facility, personnel system (if the employer has more than a single personnel system), or geographical area?
Is an employer's obligation to offer reassignment to a vacant position limited to those vacancies within an employee's office, branch, agency, department, facility, personnel system (if the...

Is it a reasonable accommodation to make sure that an employee takes medication as prescribed?
Is it a reasonable accommodation to make sure that an employee takes medication as prescribed? No. Medication monitoring is not a reasonable accommodation. Employers have no obligation...

Is it a reasonable accommodation to modify a workplace policy?
Is it a reasonable accommodation to modify a workplace policy? Yes. It is a reasonable accommodation to modify a workplace policy when necessitated by an individual's...

Job Restructuring REASONABLE ACCOMMODATIONS
Job Restructuring REASONABLE ACCOMMODATIONS RELATED TO JOB PERFORMANCE Job restructuring includes modifications such as: - reallocating or redistributing marginal job functions that...

Leave As REASONABLE ACCOMMODATIONS
Leave As REASONABLE ACCOMMODATIONS RELATED TO JOB PERFORMANCE Permitting the use of accrued paid leave, or unpaid leave, is a form of reasonable accommodation when necessitated by an...

May an employer apply a ''no-fault'' leave policy, under which employees are automatically terminated after they have been on leave for a certain period of time, to an employee with a disability who needs leave beyond the set period?
May an employer apply a ''no-fault'' leave policy, under which employees are automatically terminated after they have been on leave for a certain period of time, to an employee with a disability...

May an employer ask an individual for documentation when the individual requests reasonable accommodation?
May an employer ask an individual for documentation when the individual requests reasonable accommodation? Yes. When the disability and/or the need for accommodation is not obvious, the...

May an employer ask whether a reasonable accommodation is needed when an applicant has not asked for one?
May an employer ask whether a reasonable accommodation is needed when an applicant has not asked for one? An employer may tell applicants what the hiring process involves (e.g., an...

May an employer ask whether a reasonable accommodation is needed when an employee with a disability has not asked for one?
May an employer ask whether a reasonable accommodation is needed when an employee with a disability has not asked for one? An employer may ask an employee with a known disability whether...

May an employer require an individual to go to a health care professional of the employer's (rather than the employee's) choice for purposes of documenting need for accommodation and disability?
May an employer require an individual to go to a health care professional of the employer's (rather than the employee's) choice for purposes of documenting need for accommodation and...

May an employer require an individual with a disability to accept a reasonable accommodation that s/he does not want?
May an employer require an individual with a disability to accept a reasonable accommodation that s/he does not want? No. An employer may not require a qualified individual with a disability...

May an employer tell other employees that an individual is receiving a reasonable accommodation when employees ask questions about a coworker with a disability?
May an employer tell other employees that an individual is receiving a reasonable accommodation when employees ask questions about a coworker with a disability? No. An employer may not...

May someone other than the individual with a disability request a reasonable accommodation on behalf of the individual?
May someone other than the individual with a disability request a reasonable accommodation on behalf of the individual? Yes, a family member, friend, health professional, or other...

Must an employer allow an employee with a disability to work a modified or part-time schedule as a reasonable accommodation, absent undue hardship?
Must an employer allow an employee with a disability to work a modified or part-time schedule as a reasonable accommodation, absent undue hardship? Yes. A modified schedule may...

Must an employer ask whether a reasonable accommodation is needed when an employee has not asked for one?
Must an employer ask whether a reasonable accommodation is needed when an employee has not asked for one? Generally, no. As a general rule, the individual with a disability -- who has the...

Must an employer modify the work hours of an employee with a disability if doing so would prevent other employees from performing their jobs?
Must an employer modify the work hours of an employee with a disability if doing so would prevent other employees from performing their jobs? No. If the result of modifying one employee's...

Must an employer offer reassignment as a reasonable accommodation if it does not allow any of its employees to transfer from one position to another?
Must an employer offer reassignment as a reasonable accommodation if it does not allow any of its employees to transfer from one position to another? Yes. The ADA requires employers to...

Must an employer provide a reasonable accommodation for an employee with a disability who violated a conduct rule that is job-related for the position in question and consistent with business necessity?
Must an employer provide a reasonable accommodation for an employee with a disability who violated a conduct rule that is job-related for the position in question and consistent with...

Must an employer provide a reasonable accommodation that is needed because of the side effects of medication or treatment related to the disability, or because of symptoms or other medical conditions resulting from the underlying disability?
Must an employer provide a reasonable accommodation that is needed because of the side effects of medication or treatment related to the disability, or because of symptoms or other medical...

Must an employer provide reasonable accommodation so that an employee may attend training programs?
Must an employer provide reasonable accommodation so that an employee may attend training programs? Yes. Employers must provide reasonable accommodation (e.g., sign language...

Must an employer withhold discipline or termination of an employee who, because of a disability, violated a conduct rule that is job-related for the position in question and consistent with business necessity?
Must an employer withhold discipline or termination of an employee who, because of a disability, violated a conduct rule that is job-related for the position in question and consistent with...

No Obligation To Train Individual To Qualify For New Position
No Obligation To Train Individual To Qualify For New Position There is no obligation for the employer to assist the individual to become qualified. Thus, the employer does not have to...

Prohibited Inquiry To Reasonable Accommodation Prior To A Job Offer
Prohibited Inquiry To Reasonable Accommodation Prior To A Job Offer During the hiring process and before a conditional offer is made, an employer generally may not ask an applicant whether...

Reasonable Accommodation
Reasonable Accommodation Title I of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (''ADA'') requires an employer to provide reasonable accommodation to qualified individuals with disabilities...

REASONABLE ACCOMMODATION RELATED TO THE BENEFITS AND PRIVILEGES OF EMPLOYMENT
REASONABLE ACCOMMODATION RELATED TO THE BENEFITS AND PRIVILEGES OF EMPLOYMENT The ADA requires employers to provide reasonable accommodations so that employees with disabilities can enjoy...

Reassignment As Reasonable Accommodation
Reassignment As Reasonable Accommodation The ADA specifically lists ''reassignment to a vacant position'' as a form of reasonable accommodation. This type of reasonable accommodation must...

Reassignment When An employee Is ''qualified'' for the new position
Reassignment When An employee Is ''qualified'' for the new position. An employee is ''qualified'' for a position if s/he: (1) satisfies the requisite skill, experience, education, and...

Requesting Accommodation As A Prerequisite
Requesting Accommodation As A Prerequisite While an individual with a disability may request a change due to a medical condition, this request does not necessarily mean that the employer...

Specificity Of Reasonable Documentataion
Specificity Of Reasonable Documentataion In requesting documentation, employers should specify what types of information they are seeking regarding the disability, its functional limitations,...

Statutory Limitation On Reasonable Accommodation
Statutory Limitation On Reasonable Accommodation The only statutory limitation on an employer's obligation to provide ''reasonable accommodation'' is that no such change or modification...

Undue Hardship
Undue Hardship ''Undue hardship'' means significant difficulty or expense and focuses on the resources and circumstances of the particular employer in relationship to the cost or difficulty...

UNDUE HARDSHIP ISSUES
UNDUE HARDSHIP ISSUES An employer does not have to provide a reasonable accommodation that would cause an ''undue hardship'' to the employer. Generalized conclusions will not suffice to support...

What Is Not Reasonable Accommodation
What Is Not Reasonable Accommodation There are several modifications or adjustments that are not considered forms of reasonable accommodation. An employer does not have to eliminate an...

What Is Reasonable Documentation?
What Is Reasonable Documentation? Reasonable documentation means that the employer may require only the documentation that is needed to establish that a person has an ADA disability, and...

What must an employer do after receiving a request for reasonable accommodation?
What must an employer do after receiving a request for reasonable accommodation? The employer and the individual with a disability should engage in an informal process to clarify what...

When an employee requests leave as a reasonable accommodation, may an employer provide an accommodation that requires him/her to remain on the job instead?
When an employee requests leave as a reasonable accommodation, may an employer provide an accommodation that requires him/her to remain on the job instead? Yes, if the employer's...

When an employer Cannot hold open an employee's job as a reasonable accommodation
When an employer Cannot hold open an employee's job as a reasonable accommodation If an employer cannot hold a position open during the entire leave period without incurring undue hardship,...

When Individual Refuses To Provide Documentation
When Individual Refuses To Provide Documentation If an individual's disability or need for reasonable accommodation is not obvious, and s/he refuses to provide the reasonable...

When should an individual with a disability request a reasonable accommodation?
When should an individual with a disability request a reasonable accommodation? An individual with a disability may request a reasonable accommodation at any time during the application...





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